Hieronymous Bosch essays

Hieronymous Bosch essays Hieronymous Bosch nacio en entre 1940 y 1943, en Hertogenbosch, una puebla en la provincia del Brabante en Holland. Su nombre real fue Jeroen van Aken, pero us su otro nombre Jheronimus Bosch, probablamente porque el lugar donde nacio se significa la selva del (duke). Su abuelo, sus tios, y su padre fueron artistas tambien y es possible que ellos influyeron Jeroen tambien. Fue una surrealista del siglo quince. Bosch vivio en Hertongenbosch para toda su vida. Su familia fue Catolico Romano y sus obras reflejan su religion. No hay informacion de los detales de su vida, excepto que Bosch se caso a una mujer rica en su pueblo se llama Aleyt Goyerts van den Meervenne quien fue mas viejo de el, y ellos vivieron en el pueblo mismo para mucha de su vida. Fue parte de un grupo de los Adamites, quien practicaron (sexual promiscuity). Su influencia fue de su religion, y muchos de sus temas fue de (Heaven and Hell), los santos, el passion de Jesus Christo, y maligno. Pinto para muchas iglesias como la Catedral del Santo Juan en Hertongenbosch. Su tema de los espiritus malos es un producto de el surrealismo de La Media Epoca. Uso un estilo se llama alla prima, un estilo donde se pinto sobre un fondo del cafe. Bosch no lo firma ningunas de sus obras. Las pinturas de Hieronymous Bosch son del norte del Europa. Fue un pintor de originalidad y brillante de la Edad Media. Solo un poco de su vida se conoce ahora. Hieronymous Bosch tuvo un talento individual y complejo. Él fue un creador de los diablos y un inventor de cosas sin sentido con motivos satà ­ricos. Él demostr el discernimiento de la mente humana y una habilidad para crear sà ­mbolos de la vida y la creacin. Bosch fue un pesimista, y un moralista que no tuvo confianza en la benevolencia de un mundo que estaba corrompido por el genero humano. Sus pi...

Conversation Topics for College Office Hours

Conversation Topics for College Office Hours Its no secret: college professors can be intimidating. After all, theyre super smart and in charge of your education- not to mention your grades. That being said, of course, college professors can also be really interesting, really engaging people. Your professors likely encourage you to come speak with them during office hours. And you may, in fact, have a question or two youd like to ask. If youd like a few additional topics to have on hand for your conversation, consider any of the following  things to talk to your professor about: Your Current Class If youre currently taking a class with a professor, you can easily talk about the class. What do you like about it? What do you find really interesting and engaging? What do the other students like about it? What recently happened in class that youd like more information on, that you found helpful, or that was just plain funny? An Upcoming Class If your professor is teaching a class next semester or next year that youre interested in, you can easily talk about it. You can ask about the reading load, what kinds of topics will be covered, what expectations the professor has for the class and for students taking the class, and even what the syllabus will look like. A Previous Class You Really Enjoyed Theres nothing wrong with talking to a professor about a previous class you took with him or her that you really enjoyed. You can talk about what specifically you found interesting and ask if your professor can suggest other classes or supplemental reading so that you can pursue your interests further. Graduate School Options If youre thinking about graduate school- even just a tiny bit- your professors can be great resources for you. They can talk to you about different programs of study, what youre interested in, what graduate schools would be a good match for your interests, and even what life as a graduate student is like. Employment Ideas It could be that you absolutely love botany but have no idea what you can do with a botany degree once you graduate. A professor can be a great person to talk to about your options (in addition to the career center, of course). Additionally, they may know of internships, job opportunities, or professional contacts that can help you along the way. Anything Covered in Class That You Loved If you recently went over a topic or theory in class that you absolutely loved, mention it to your professor! It will undoubtedly be rewarding for him or her to hear about, and you can find out more about a topic you didnt know youd love. Anything Youre Struggling With in Class Your professor can be a great- if not the best- resource for getting clarity or more information about something youre struggling with. Additionally, a one-on-one conversation with your professor can provide you with an opportunity to walk through an idea and ask questions in a way that you simply cannot do in a large lecture hall. Academic Difficulties If youre facing larger academic struggles, dont be too afraid to mention it to a professor you like. He or she might have some ideas to help you out, might be able to connect you with resources on campus (like tutors or an academic support center), or just might give you a great pep talk that helps your refocus and recharge. Personal Problems That Are Impacting Your Academics While professors arent counselors, its still important for you to let them know about any personal problems youre facing that might be having an effect on your academics. If someone in your family is very sick, for example, or if youre financially struggling because of an unexpected change in financial status, it might be helpful for your professor to know. Additionally, it can be wise to mention these kinds of situations to your professor when they first appear instead of when they become a problem. How Current Events Connect With the Course Material Many times, the material(s) covered in class are large theories and concepts that dont always seem like they connect to your day-to-day life. In reality, however, they often do. Feel free to talk with your professor about current events and how they might connect to what youre learning in class. A Letter of Recommendation If youre doing well in class and you think your professor likes and respects your work, consider  asking your professor for a letter of recommendation  if you need one. Letters of recommendation that have been written by professors can be especially helpful when youre applying for certain types of internships or even graduate school or research opportunities. Study Tips It can be all too easy to forget that professors were once undergraduate students, too. And just like you, they likely had to learn  how to study at the college level. If youre struggling with study skills, talk to your professor about what theyd recommend. This can be an especially helpful and important conversation to have before an important midterm or final, too. Resources on Campus That Can Help Academically Even if your professor wants to help you more, he or she might simply not have the time. Consider, then, asking your professor about other academic support resources that you can use, like a specific upper-class or graduate-level student whos a great tutor or a great TA who offers extra study sessions. Scholarship Opportunities Your professor undoubtedly receives regular mailings and emails about scholarship opportunities for students interested in certain academic fields. Consequently, checking in with your professors about any scholarship opportunities they know about might easily result in some helpful leads that you might otherwise not find out about. Jop Opportunities True, the career center and your own professional network can be your main sources of job leads. But professors can also be a great resource to tap into. Make an appointment with your professor to talk generally about your job hopes or options as well as what connections your professor might know about. You never know what former students they still keep in touch with, what organizations they volunteer with, or what other connections they may have to offer. Dont let your nervousness about talking with your professors disconnect you from what could be a great future job!

Conversation Topics for College Office Hours

Conversation Topics for College Office Hours Its no secret: college professors can be intimidating. After all, theyre super smart and in charge of your education- not to mention your grades. That being said, of course, college professors can also be really interesting, really engaging people. Your professors likely encourage you to come speak with them during office hours. And you may, in fact, have a question or two youd like to ask. If youd like a few additional topics to have on hand for your conversation, consider any of the following  things to talk to your professor about: Your Current Class If youre currently taking a class with a professor, you can easily talk about the class. What do you like about it? What do you find really interesting and engaging? What do the other students like about it? What recently happened in class that youd like more information on, that you found helpful, or that was just plain funny? An Upcoming Class If your professor is teaching a class next semester or next year that youre interested in, you can easily talk about it. You can ask about the reading load, what kinds of topics will be covered, what expectations the professor has for the class and for students taking the class, and even what the syllabus will look like. A Previous Class You Really Enjoyed Theres nothing wrong with talking to a professor about a previous class you took with him or her that you really enjoyed. You can talk about what specifically you found interesting and ask if your professor can suggest other classes or supplemental reading so that you can pursue your interests further. Graduate School Options If youre thinking about graduate school- even just a tiny bit- your professors can be great resources for you. They can talk to you about different programs of study, what youre interested in, what graduate schools would be a good match for your interests, and even what life as a graduate student is like. Employment Ideas It could be that you absolutely love botany but have no idea what you can do with a botany degree once you graduate. A professor can be a great person to talk to about your options (in addition to the career center, of course). Additionally, they may know of internships, job opportunities, or professional contacts that can help you along the way. Anything Covered in Class That You Loved If you recently went over a topic or theory in class that you absolutely loved, mention it to your professor! It will undoubtedly be rewarding for him or her to hear about, and you can find out more about a topic you didnt know youd love. Anything Youre Struggling With in Class Your professor can be a great- if not the best- resource for getting clarity or more information about something youre struggling with. Additionally, a one-on-one conversation with your professor can provide you with an opportunity to walk through an idea and ask questions in a way that you simply cannot do in a large lecture hall. Academic Difficulties If youre facing larger academic struggles, dont be too afraid to mention it to a professor you like. He or she might have some ideas to help you out, might be able to connect you with resources on campus (like tutors or an academic support center), or just might give you a great pep talk that helps your refocus and recharge. Personal Problems That Are Impacting Your Academics While professors arent counselors, its still important for you to let them know about any personal problems youre facing that might be having an effect on your academics. If someone in your family is very sick, for example, or if youre financially struggling because of an unexpected change in financial status, it might be helpful for your professor to know. Additionally, it can be wise to mention these kinds of situations to your professor when they first appear instead of when they become a problem. How Current Events Connect With the Course Material Many times, the material(s) covered in class are large theories and concepts that dont always seem like they connect to your day-to-day life. In reality, however, they often do. Feel free to talk with your professor about current events and how they might connect to what youre learning in class. A Letter of Recommendation If youre doing well in class and you think your professor likes and respects your work, consider  asking your professor for a letter of recommendation  if you need one. Letters of recommendation that have been written by professors can be especially helpful when youre applying for certain types of internships or even graduate school or research opportunities. Study Tips It can be all too easy to forget that professors were once undergraduate students, too. And just like you, they likely had to learn  how to study at the college level. If youre struggling with study skills, talk to your professor about what theyd recommend. This can be an especially helpful and important conversation to have before an important midterm or final, too. Resources on Campus That Can Help Academically Even if your professor wants to help you more, he or she might simply not have the time. Consider, then, asking your professor about other academic support resources that you can use, like a specific upper-class or graduate-level student whos a great tutor or a great TA who offers extra study sessions. Scholarship Opportunities Your professor undoubtedly receives regular mailings and emails about scholarship opportunities for students interested in certain academic fields. Consequently, checking in with your professors about any scholarship opportunities they know about might easily result in some helpful leads that you might otherwise not find out about. Jop Opportunities True, the career center and your own professional network can be your main sources of job leads. But professors can also be a great resource to tap into. Make an appointment with your professor to talk generally about your job hopes or options as well as what connections your professor might know about. You never know what former students they still keep in touch with, what organizations they volunteer with, or what other connections they may have to offer. Dont let your nervousness about talking with your professors disconnect you from what could be a great future job!

Labor Issue Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Labor Issue - Essay Example The overall psyche of United States administrations is developed to cut off their budgets at all levels including federal, state, and local levels. One of the major actions that the administrations generally take being a quick step to cut the expenditures is the slashing of the jobs. This measure simply ends up in getting rid of the â€Å"excess fat† from the existing jobs. However, this step brings in more depression and disappointments especially among those who are the direct victims of such actions. The end results of laying offs can prove to be rather severe especially in those areas where there is no room for any dismissal, in fact, more personnel are required to fill the potentially vacant jobs. Laying offs may provide some temporary benefits to the administrations in short rum but in long run it can sabotage morale of the fired employees by and large. In United States, there are many important departments, which operate their functions under local level administrations. These departments play a significant role in the normal day-to-day operations at the local city level. Policing department and firefighting service departments are some of those departments, which perform their operations under the direct supervision of the local administration. As mentioned above, currently US government at all levels is quite reluctant to boost its economic activities and due to this fact, all the administrations taking all the necessary steps to keep the expenditure level at its minimum. The fiscal budget of Detroit City is aimed at reducing the expenditure by some $250 million with the job cut of around 2,600 employees working in the local departments (FireRescue1, 2012). As far as the firefighting department of Detroit City is concerned, the administration has aimed to cut around $160 million, which is around 13% of the budget. In the same way, the City Mayor of

Social work dessertation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Social work dessertation - Essay Example In relation to the use of alcohol, the evidence suggests that tendencies are heightened towards behaviour leading to violence when people are under the influence of alcohol. Alcohol related behaviour can be associated with violence and can be exhibited other behaviours in a number of ways or forms (Parker & Auerhahn, 1998). Even if violence only occurs under intoxication, individuals actively caught in the substance abuse cycle exhibit several other common behaviours. These include spending needed money on the substance of their choice, spending time away from family and neglecting to care for those who are dependent or have a common share in the family welfare. For many alcoholics, the deeds they have done in neglecting their families and supporting their habits may have proven too much to bear, driving them to further drink as a means of forgetting about them yet exacerbating the problem further by sinking more valued and required resources into the drink rather than the home (Good man, 2007). To shed some light into the scale of the problem, The Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs (ACMD), which was established under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971, produced a three year inquiry report in 2003, which estimates for England and Wales to be around 200,000 to 300,000 children with one parent or both parents to have a harmful and problematic drug use. The report estimates these figures represent 2 to 3 per cent of children under the age of 16. A further report by the ACMD in (2007:5) recognises ‘that the impact of parental alcohol misuse on children has significant parallels with that of problem drug use†¦points to an increased sense of urgency for the impact of parental alcohol use on children and young people to be recognised and acted upon at UK Government policy level’. The report also recognises that parents

Benefits Of Family-Friendly Policies Essay Example for Free

Benefits Of Family-Friendly Policies Essay The past few decades, families in Hong Kong faced in undergone major changes, intense pace of life and hard work always affected families’ features. How to balance family life and work have become a social policy, in order to establish a family-friendly community, have implemented various measures to help employees balance their work and family lives, promote family relationship. In this essay, first I will explain these policies how to help with all aspects of employee, and then analysis of these measures on the employment benefit. Finally, pointed out that Hong Kong Government and the enterprises on how to implement these policies. Family-friendly employment may implement different policies to meet the needs of employees. Including the introduction of given family leave benefits, such as marriage leave, paternity leave, parental leave, compassionate leave, special casual leave and special long leave, etc (GovHK, n.d.). This measure will be through the height of the working environment and working arrangements to facilitate employees in taking care of family needs, such as the five-day working week, flexible work time and family-based work, and so on. The other hand will provide support to families, including child care services, counselling services, child custody etc. A Research Report prepared by the Department of Applied Social Sciences of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University is named â€Å"Family-Friendly Workplace† noted that Most respondents agreed or strongly agreed with implementing â€Å"family-friendly† policies. (Poly U, 2002) Family-friendly policies can also bring much benefits to company. In a supportive working environment, staffs will feel they are valued and employer will gain the benefit. Firstly, employer can reduce staff turnover and retain potential employee. On the other hand, many people were convinced that employees working flexible hours were more productive than those working traditional hours. This measure in addition to motivate employees, increase productivity, but also improved reputation and corporate image, therefore there are many large enterprises are involved in the implementation of these measures. In view of this, government and enterprises were organized a variety of measures and activities promoting family-friendly policies. The booklet prepared by the Labour Departments album â€Å"Good people management Family-Friendly Employment Practices† (labour.gov.hk, n.d.). Through a variety of good measures taken by the employer, may learn to provide for all instances. Research on Family-friendly Employment Policies and Practices in Hong Kong from The Equal Opportunities Commission (EOC) and the Womens Commission (WoC) (EOC 2006). They hope that through this survey, a better understanding in Hong Kong, companies or institutions can help employees balance their work and family roles provides programme needs. A Family-Friendly Employers Award Scheme 2011 was organised by the Family Council. The award scheme aims to give recognition to employers who attach importance to the spirit of family-friendliness (gov.hk, 2011). Through these activities, to undertake a study, to understand the profile of Hong Kong families, and building partnerships with Government, business and professional sectors, actively promote the industry cares family In this essay, I Have attempted to present suggest to implementation of family-friendly policies on families, or employers both have many favorable factors, together with the Hong Kong Government and the enterprises efforts, this measure would allow employers and employees there will be a win-win situation.

J.R.R. Tolkien Biography Essay -- J.R.R. Tolkien

J.R.R. Tolkien was born in South Africa, although he considered himself a British man throughout his adulthood. He experienced World War I firsthand in the trenches. He was a professor of Old English and other archaic languages and had a strong love for such languages. Tolkien also felt a strong tie for his homeland, England, and desired to create mythology for England. Tolkien was able to write the first modern fantasy novel through his life experiences and his love for archaic languages and British lore. Tolkien's mother, Mabel Suffield, left England in March of 1891 for South Africa to marry a man by the name of Arthur Tolkien. They had been engaged for years; however Mabel's father had denied Mabel her marriage due to her young age. Tolkien's father, Arthur Tolkien, had sailed to South Africa a few years earlier to try out his luck in the diamond discovery craze. Only a few short years later, Arthur and Mabel gave birth to a son, named none other than John Ronald Reuel. Tolkien lived in a village surrounded by wilderness in his first few years and faced several adventures. Three of his pinafores were chewed off by a monkey. He avoided several snakes. He stumbled upon a tarantula, and ran around until his nurse grabbed him and sucked out the poison. Perhaps this is why Tolkien includes poisonous spiders in his future tales (Carpenter 13). Mabel and Arthur gave birth to a second son, and within two years Arthur passed away from a severe case of rheumatic fever. After Arthur's death, Mabel and Tolkien's younger brother Hilary returned to England to the West Midlands of England. Tolkien was exposed to the rural and industrial sides of England. The area was heavily polluted and could be the reason for Tolkien... ...orld of JRR Tolkien. URL: http://www.indepthinfo.com/tolkien/biography.shtml (8 May 2005). Rosebury, Ryan. " Tolkien, J. R. R. ". The Literary Encyclopedia and Literary Dictionary. Ed. Robert Clark, Emory Elliott and Janet Todd. URL: http://www.litencyc.com/ (8 Jan. 2001). Tolkien, J.R.R. The Fellowship of the Ring. New York: Ballantine Books, 1977. Tolkien, J.R.R. The Hobbit. New York: Ballantine Books, 1977. Tolkien, J.R.R. The Return of the King. New York: Ballantine Books, 1977. Tolkien, J.R.R. The Two Towers. New York: Ballantine Books, 1977.

Sex Discrimination at Wal-Mart

Wal-Mart stores, the world’s biggest retailer, owns more than 4,000 stores, including 1,475discount stores 1750 Wal-Mart Supercenter combination discount and grocery stores and 540 Sam’s Club Warehouse stores. With close to two million employees worldwide, Wal-Mart is the biggest employment provider in the world. In this paper I am going to discuss; 1. What financial impact could the lawsuit potentially have on Wal-Mart? 2. What are the major moral complaints of the females suing Wal-Mart? Are these moral complaints are justified? Why? . What, if anything, should Wal-Mart do to correct these discrepancies? Should the company institute an â€Å"affirmative action† promotion program for female employees? If so, what should this program look like? 4. Do women deserve to win their lawsuit? Though Wal-Mart suffered lots of lawsuits which included child-labor, illegal immigrant workers, failure to pay over time charges the recent and major law suit they are facing now is the discrimination against female employees in promotions, pay, management training and job assignments.It was, therefore, a noteworthy event in June 2004 when a federal judge expanded a lawsuit filed by six California women to a class action. The case has now mushroomed to cover 1. 6 million women Wal-Mart workers, employed nationwide since 1988, making it, by far, the largest class action in U. S. history. What financial impact do you think lawsuit could potentially have on Wal-Mart? We all know, Wal-Mart is the biggest or largest retail store in the world. Naturally, their earning and employees are also more compared to other corporate.The lawsuit against the company was not the company needed when they were facing other legal issues such as the child labor and employment of illegal immigrants. The lawsuit was filed by six women who say women were treated lower than the male even if they acquired equal posts, qualification and experience. The news already reached every househo ld, street and public place thus bringing the name of the company down. This could have a huge impact on the company’s earnings and here we are not saying in terms of hundreds or thousands of dollars we mean millions and billions of dollars. Some of the impact could occur in the following forms: ?The six women who filed the case against Wal-Mart are not only asking the company pay for the unfair deed but also asking them to pay back and compensate for all 1. 6 female employees against whom Wal-Mart discriminated. This would cost the company a fortune because these 1. 6 female workers were entitled to promotions, salary increment, trainings and other such things. To compensate or reimburse that much amount for that much workers would surely have a huge and major impact on the company’s financial position. ?The other way how this lawsuit could affect the company’s financial position would be through the transaction or sales.Since major part of the shoppers constit utes women, after hearing what Wal-Mart has done and how women are treated at Wal-Mart they would certainly feel insecure and ripped off. They would turn their backs and look for a better place to shop. This would lead to a fall in sales and increase in competition. ?Other thing is the reputation and goodwill of the company. The lawsuit already has brought the name of the company down and on top of that if the company fails to win the case, then the company would suffer a huge fall of share in the market.They would even have to close most of the stores and start all over again which would be impossible looking at the current market situation and all the competition worldwide. ?And not to forget the turnover of workers or employees. Reaching this news of discrimination I personally believe that most of the women employees will quit their job, even those who did not experience the situation. So interviewing, selecting or recruiting those new employees would cost Wal-Mart another milli on. Moreover, those new employees would have no experience and would commit lots of errors.Training them would again add to the cost. What are the major moral complaints of the females suing Wal-Mart? Do you believe these moral complaints are justified? Why? The major moral complaints of females suing Wal-Mart in the case basically cover the discrimination against female employees. To point out what constitutes those complaints: ? Difference in the promotion scheme between male and female employees ? The lower payment of wages and salaries to female employees even they were at same level with male employees ? Unequal distribution of management training among the male and female employees ?Male allotted a better job assignment compared to women even they were equally qualified, ranked and experienced. Yes, I believe these complaints are justifiable because we can see from every point that women were not treated fairly and equally. It wasn’t that women lacked in anything or tha t they were unwilling to work, it was because they were woman. We can very well compete with men and in some cases may even prove better than them but it is act like this what is pulling the power of women down. The six women who sued Wal-Mart didn’t sue for nothing; they had physical proof and evidences of the discrimination laid upon them.Some of the evidences were found in the employees’ records where by Richard Drogin, a statistical expert found out that employees atWal-Mart were divided into two main groups, hourly employees who occupied the lower levels and salaried managers who occupied the higher levels. Compensation increases from one level tithe next. In 2001, salaried managers made about $50,000 a year while hourly employees made$18,000. Drogin found out that not only 65% of hourly employees were women but also 33% of salaried managers constituted women.So at both the point women earned less than man. When we also look upon the experience level, an average w oman was far more experienced than an average man because women worked or stuck there for longer than men. Women despite having other responsibilities like raising a kid or managing the home, they dedicate more where they work that is why they have less turnover rates. So this adds up to another reason why the lawsuit was appropriate or justifiable. It is strange but true; the performance rating of an average woman was much higher than of an average man.Drogin found out that be it in a cashier’s place, a manager’s place or a sales associate’s place women performed better than men. However women were paid about 5% to15% times less than men and on top of that fewer women got promoted to the next rank that too in a very long time whereas a man would get promoted within the speculated time or even less into the next post. Wal-Mart was fined $188,000 by the California Fair Employment and Housing Commission for violating California state law when it refused to reinsta te a woman after she completed her maternity leave.In addition, Wal-Mart also offers a pitifully small amount of paid sick time for working women, and requires employees to be available for shifts 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, making it extremely difficult for working mothers to schedule child care or take time off to care for a sick child. So the main point here is that at any angle or point we can see women were not treated fair and left to suffer. If women do not come together and fight for their rights when they have the opportunity then women will always remain a victim.Then there is no use shouting at the store or ourselves that we deserve more or we have earned it, it would be too late then. Besides the moral complaints by the female workers at Wal-Mart there were major issues involving the employees which were not noted earlier, some of the issues were: ? Wal-Mart pays low wages and appears to aggressively seek to keep wages down. On average, Wal-Mart workers earn an estima ted $8. 00/hour with a 32 hour work week. This equals $256 a week or $13,312 a year. The Federal poverty level for a family of threes $14,630. In contrast, union grocery workers earn on average 30% more. Charges have been made that older workers are laid off to bring in younger and cheaper employees. Some 40 lawsuits accuse Wal-Mart of a failure to pay overtime. ?It pulls wages and benefits down in other grocery stores. It lowers area standards. In some cases, it forces the closure of better paying firms. Business Week estimates for every Wal-Mart supercenter that opens, two other supermarkets will close. ?It pressures suppliers to make products more cheaply, putting pressure on wages, causing jobs to be moved overseas. Last year, it imported 12 billion in goods from China, 10% of US imports from that nation. Wal-Mart doesn’t produce new technology or innovations that improve the quality of life. It takes business from existing firms by offering the same merchandise cheaper. That’s all it does. So I believe it is not only justifiable but also rightful to file the lawsuit against such treatments. On top of that the evidences and statics are on the women’s side so therefore the lawsuit is 100% justifiable. What, if anything, do you think Wal-Mart should do to correct these discrepancies? Should the company institute an â€Å"affirmative action† promotion program for female employees?If so, what should this program be like? The problem was caused by the company, Wal-Mart so definitely they have to find a solution and try to correct their mistakes. They have already started working on the problem. Some of the initiatives they have taken are: ? They had posted â€Å"anti-discrimination† posters all over ? Women were allotted more responsibilities and representation in areas they were evaluated ? Women could enter salaried management jobs without having to relocate their homes. But since such initiatives were not firmly implemented some of them were forgone with the passage of time.Some of initiatives Wal-Mart could think of or adopt are: 1) Work Discrimination I am talking about the actual work or labor work. Women at Wal-Mart seem to be working at par with men but still they are not paid at par. To compensate for the women’s losses they could reduce their work time or they could allocate women to areas where minimum energy is required. For example they could work at displaying of items, as a cashier, and such places where not much of hard labor is required. 2) Facility such as Day Care Wal-Mart is one of the biggest retail all over the world and they have lots of property they own.If they established some Day care center for their employees especially the female employees then those employees who have kids can drop their kids in those center and work care free in the store. The center could be near the store and they could also charge some amount as charge but this could not only benefit the workers but also the company for could avoid unnecessary absenteeism. An association called the Women’s Association can be formed in every retail store so that female employees can come together to discuss their issues and forward suggestions and feedback.Such programs do not have to disturb their normal work time, it could be conducted once in every month or whenever major issues arise. 4) Equal Respect At Wal-Mart’s women were mostly looked down and not given the respect they deserve. Adwoman may be somebody’s mother, wife or sister. Men at Wal-Mart fail to see that and they criticized women of their looks, their past, future and their purpose in life. So therefore women should be given respect and treated equally. Yes definitely the company should institute an â€Å"affirmative action† in order to promote program for the female employees.From my point of view, since the company is based in the United States they should associate their program with the Statue o f Liberty. That statue denotes the power of women and it signifies the right to freedom for all the U. S citizens. The title or the main theme of such program could be â€Å"Liberty for Women† . Whereby they could stress the freedom to speak, advance and employment especially for the female workers. They could relate women to some famous figure such as the Mother Teresa or simply their own mom. On this particular day they could give all the female employees a one day holiday and let them embrace themselves.The company should however grant monetary compensation for this day. This way women employee could proudly say they work at Wal-Mart and dedicate completely to their work and avoid complaining. Some of the points they could keep in mind while pursuing such program could be as follows: ? The right and responsibilities of women ?The importance of women ?The success of women till now ?The potential and ability of women ?The sacrifices women make in every aspect of life Referen ces Wal-Mart Class Action Gender Discrimination Case Holds,(2012), Myron Curry, retrieved from http://www. usiness-marketing. com/store/article-walmart. html Are Women Discriminated Against at Wal-Mart? , (2012), Dan Ackman, retrieved from http://www. forbes. com/2004/06/23/cx_da_0623topnews. html Wal-Mart, pay your fair share,(2006), Randy Joseph, retrieved from http://www. seattlepi. com/local/opinion/article/Wal-Mart-pay-your-fair-share-1194522. php Female Wal-Mart Employees File New Bias Case, (2011), Andrew Martin, retrieved from http://www. nytimes. com/2011/10/28/business/women-file-new-class-action-bias-case-against-wal-mart. html? _r=0

Exploring Modernism In Architecture Architecture Essay

For my essay on Modernism in architecture I intend to research an designer of the modernist period in order to set up the signifier, doctrine and societal thoughts behind modernism. ‘The term modern architecture is equivocal. It can be understood to mention to all edifices of the modern period regardless of their ideological footing, or it can be understood more specifically as an architecture conscious of its ain modernness and nisus for alteration. ‘ Modern architecture is a class which normally complements edifices of the twentieth and twenty-first century. It would include Bauhaus / International manners ( sometimes used to depict Bauhaus architecture in United States ) and besides brutalism. Modernism was a reaction against eclectic method and the munificent stylistic surpluss of the Art Deco, Art Nouveau and the Victorian ages. However, it is still a affair of gustatory sensation. Even though Bauhaus, a German design school 3 ( Operated from 1919-33 By laminitis Walter Gropius, so by Hans Mayer and Ludwig Mies der Van Rohe ) which had deeply influenced humanistic disciplines and architecture had been more concerned with societal facets of design ; none the lupus erythematosus, International manner shortly became a symbolism of Capitalism. Fig.2 shows an interesting and most celebrated illustration of this International manner. This manner of architecture was reserved chiefly for office blocks, but was besides seen in places built for the rich and celebrated. Fig.2 shows another edifice widely known for its ‘functionalist aesthetic and a chef-d'oeuvre of corporate modernism. ‘4 5 There were many designers who attached their name to this modernistic epoch, some of the best known being Frank Lloyd Wright ( fig.6 ) , Walter Gropius ( fig.5 ) , Le Corbusier ( fig.2 ) and Ludwig Mies der Van Rohe ( fig.3 ) . 6Fig.6 shows Falling H2O which was a genuinely iconic edifice for many. Willard huntington wrights design which was for a residential place was above a waterfall. This edifice portrayed his position of organic architecture. Modern architecture was found to be disputing traditional instructions which were thought to be suited for architectural design and construction. Modernist ‘s interior decorators went on to reason that designers should plan everything which is necessary for society. From every item and furniture in the inside and outsides of edifices and even led to designers planing the most low of edifices. I have looked at the broader definition of modernism along with the innovators who drove this manner. Louis Kahn is the designer I have chosen to analyze in deepness. His positions of modernism are good known through the modern universe of architecture.Louis Kahn7 Itze-Leib Schmuilowsky ( February 20, 1901 or 1902 – March 17, 1974 ) , or more normally known in the universe of architecture as Louis Kahn was an designer who was infused within the International manner. Kahn graduated from the University Of Pennsylvania School Of Fine Arts in 1924. In the late 1930 ‘s Kahn ‘s was working as a adviser to the Philadelphia Housing Authority. His association with modern architecture grew as he worked with Europeans Stonorov and George Howe with whom Kahn designed many wartime lodging undertakings which can be seen in fig.8. From these experiences it gave Kahn a sense of societal duty which was subsequently reflected in his doctrine. 1947 was a twelvemonth where the Kahn started to emerge. His calling had established to a point where he had started a learning calling at Yale University as the Chief Critic in Architectural Design and Professor of Architecture, until 1957. Then at the University of Pennsylvania as Cret Professor of Arc hitecture until his decease lonely decease in a work forces ‘s room lavatory in Pennsylvania Station in New York. Kahn died in deep debt despite his flush calling. 8 Louis Kahn was a review of mainstream modernism ; his work represented the New Monumentality motion which was besides promoted by Siegfried Gieldion, Josep Llios Sert and Kahn ‘s wise man George Howe. Kahn ‘s edifices are improbably precise in their building of topographic points for people. I found some pieces of Kahn ‘s work peculiarly interesting to analyze from a modernistic architectural position. From the list of his most of import plants I have selected a few which I believe to be peculiarly symbolic to this essay. From more than a twelve houses which had been designed by Kahn Esherick House was the most celebrated. I found Esherick house to one of his most fantastic pieces of work which shows us the way which he subsequently followed in. A critique say ‘s: 11 9 ‘aˆÂ ¦The Esherick House is decidedly one of Kahn ‘s most of import plants which defined lessons he ‘d travel on to utilize in ulterior undertakings. ‘ 12 10 By this I believe he means that Kahn was happening his component which he had so travel onto usage in ulterior undertakings. Kahn ‘s calling comprises of a batch of interesting work, nevertheless, Esherick house stands as one of his most of import pieces of work. In the devising of the house the control of visible radiation had been the preoccupation since the start, and he genuinely had achieved harmoniousness through natural visible radiation every bit good as distinguishable manner through the transcendency and geometric item. Kahn ‘s rules of visible radiation, materiality and geometry are clearly seeable here. He starts to enforce his future positions of signifier in elusive features of this house. At a glimpse it is merely concrete and wood which combine to make the frontages and interior infinites. The house features a textured howitzer coating, with keyhole window which are framed with natural Apilong wood placed at irregular intervals on the forepart facade. The floor program is a refined design by Kahn. It is shown to incorporate two symmetrical rectangles which allow structural support and openness. This truly modernistic construction shows how Kahn ‘s work would blossom in ulterior old ages. The Esherick house ‘s pure usage of geometry and abstract signifier reflect his modernistic attack to architecture. Kahns work is much greater dipected in his later and much larger undertakings. The Salk Laboratories which was developed by Dr Jonas Salk, the developer of infantile paralysis vaccinum had intended for a research lab which was non merely someplace for biological research, but a topographic point which you could ‘invite a adult male like Picasso. '13 The stuffs used for this huge undertaking were concrete, wood, marble and he besides used the component of H2O in his design which as the monolithic composite was juxtaposed against the Pacific Ocean was suiting. I found a really fitting description of The Salk research labs: Kahn ‘s usage of order before signifier shows us how he depicted a edifice to be like a perfect being with complexness of usage inside every bit good as on the outside. I found a really interesting quotation mark from Kahn about the Salk laboratories. His doctrine of design shows use the sort of adult male he was and purposes he perused: â€Å" I did non follow the dictates of the scientists, who said that they are so dedicated to what they are making that when lunch period comes all they do is clear off the trial tubing from the benches and eat their tiffin on these benches. I asked them: was it non a strain with all these noises? And they answered: the noises of the iceboxs are awful ; the noises of extractors are awful ; the trickling of the H2O is awful. Everything was awful including the noises of the air-conditioning system. So I would non listen to them as to what should be done. And I realised that there should be a clean air and chromium steel steel country, and a carpet and oak table country. From this realization signifier became. I separated the surveies from the research lab and placed them over gardens. The garden became out-of-door infinites where one can speak. Now one demand non pass all the clip in the research labs. When one knows what to make, there is merely small clip one needs for making it. It is merely when 1 does non cognize what to make that it takes so much clip. And to cognize what to make is the secret of it all. † I deduce from this extract Kahn ‘s cognition and assurance. I see how Kahn believed in a new modern signifier of architecture. He says it as if he already has the ideas and thoughts to transform edifices into styled and ordered infinite. Kahn ‘s readings were apparently much clearer ; he wanted a modern architecture less concerned with aesthetics and what the edifice looks like. He was more intrigued by the infinites of the edifice and how the infinites were being used, and what order this would make for them. He wanted to do infinites which would impact the experiences of those who inhabited those infinites. Salk research lab shows us a design which had preponderantly established the foundational significance ; order of infinite an so the geometries. He used this construction of idea for his designs of all establishments such as Salk laboratories. ‘The concluding version of the Salk research labs brought him to accept a solution in which services were as ‘repressed ‘ or concealed as in any office edifice by Mies Van der Rohe ‘ From this big undertaking he moved onto a following, nevertheless, this one staying unbuilt whilst he was still populating. Jatiyo Sangshad Bhaban in Dhaka, Bangladesh is regarded to be on this is great memorials of international modernism. This edifice was considered as his chef-d'oeuvre of his life-time. Construction of this edifice had stated by 1961 nevertheless due to its huge outrageousness did n't complete building until nine old ages after his decease in 1983 which means it took around 20 old ages to construct. The national assembly edifice was Kahn ‘s most of import piece of work. The infinite was really expansive. The interior country for the Assembly edifice was spilt into 3 subdivisions. The zone in the Centre provides circulation. The chief country or cardinal zone is for the chief assembly. The exterior zone is where the offices and sofas are, besides this is where the entryway to the chief mosque is. In the design we can see how natural visible radiation is a really of import component in this edifice. The edifice seems as if it is entirely for spiritual intents and has a heavy religious genius. â€Å" In the assembly I have introduced a light-giving component to the inside of the program. If you see a series of columns you can state that the pick of columns is a pick in visible radiation. The columns as solids frame the infinites of light. Now think of it merely in contrary and believe that the columns are hollow and much bigger and that their walls can themselves give visible radiation, so the nothingnesss are suites, and the column is the shaper of visible radiation and can take on complex forms and be the protagonist of infinites and give visible radiation to infinites. I am working to develop the component to such an extent that it becomes a poetic entity which has its ain beauty outside of its topographic point in the composing. In this manner it becomes correspondent to the solid column I mentioned supra as a giver of visible radiation. † Here Kahn negotiations about the Bangladesh undertaking. He reiterates the importance of visible radiation in the infinite and his poetic entity which he adds to every design to make a great sense of beauty. In the designing of these three undertakings we can see how Kahn has used his cognition to assist make infinites which execute both signifier and map desirably to the client. Kahn negotiations about how his greater apprehension of what is needed helps him finish his undertaking easy. Kahn negotiations approximately beauty as the great philosopher St Thomas Aquinas did. Aquinas believed that beauty consisted of four ingredients: Integrity, integrity, symmetricalness, and glow. By unity he meant that something is complete on its ain without any being dependent on anything outside it. By integrity he means every portion has a ground and ca n't be taken off without destructing the whole beauty of it. Symmetry mentioning to equilibrate, something ca n't merely alter without a corresponding consequence. This was similar the invariables which had appeared in Kahn ‘s work. The sense of composing, the unity of a edifice fear for stuff, sense of ‘room ‘ , light as the shaper of the construction and architecture of connexion Kahn tried to use these theoretical accounts into all of his undertakings. One even described him as: â€Å" a philosopher among designers † . This is from his every showing doctrine on his work. Basically Kahn saw architecture as being a religious signifier of communicating. He grew a strong relation with each undertaking by using a strong hierarchy with order being the most of import. Kahn was celebrated for being a review of modernism. He found many influential designers of the clip to hold been misjudging the order of their designs. Kahns critue started with him rejecting a ‘free program ‘ ; a construct which Mies new wave der Rohe and Le Corbusier had attached themselves to, along with modernism. Kahn believed that dividing these two constructs of signifier from the construction, would intend the free program as antecedently interpreted by Van de Rohe and Le Corbusier had ‘ opened up a nothingness that could merely be filled with subjective intuition. ‘ Basically Kahn ‘s work did look consistent with that of the broader position of architecture nevertheless, his position of modern architecture was something which was unpredictable and had no regulations to follow or rules to ad ear to. He found that the international manner of modern architecture at the clip which was being used by many designers in America and Europe had been excessively concerned with the signifier and non the map. ‘Kahn was concerned with the things adult male has been looking for since the beginning – and in this he was a fundamentalist – was non interested in the realisation, of something which had already occurred, but in the possibility that something will happen within the wallsaˆÂ ¦ ‘ This tells us that Kahn was more of Prophet than merely a sermonizer. He wanted to alter the positions on architecture and present what he believed to be the necessary status for the presence of architecture. ‘Mies ‘s sensitivites react to imposed structural order with small inspiration, Le Corbusier passes through order impatiently and hastes to organize. ‘ Kahn talked about Mies Van der Rohe and Le Corbusier imperfectness in structural order, and their haste of order leads to an imperfectness in signifier. Kahns order derived from nature and this is reflected in his undertakings. ‘In the nature of infinite is the spirit and the will to be in a certain manner. Design must closely follow that will. ‘ The pure order, signifier and geometry is why Louis Kahn still act upon the universe today. His work straight impacts and inspires signifiers of architecture today such as station modernism and neo positivist. More than this Louis Kahn redefined modernism. He has thrilled looker-ons with his huge doctrine ; nevertheless his frequenters merely appeared in his ulterior old ages. Kahn adapted architecture and had an input as to what we see when we analyse today. He showed us in his huge texts, to every item the visions he had, and how he intended to raise these visions. Predominately we can see that he was floating off from modernism, nevertheless, I have studied how Kahn ‘s vision set modernism into path someplace that it would n't hold been without his influence. â€Å" It was non belief, non design, non pattern, but the kernel from which an establishment could emerge†¦ †

A Study On Take Home Examination Social Policy Essay Essay Example

A Study On Take Home Examination Social Policy Essay Essay Example A Study On Take Home Examination Social Policy Essay Essay A Study On Take Home Examination Social Policy Essay Essay the policy of medical service in Hong Kong is that no one will be denied equal medical attention due to miss of agencies . This policy patterns the construct of public assistance rights that everyone has the equal chance to hold the medical service even the 1 who lives in poorness. Universalism Principle Under the universalism rule, all citizens can acquire the Ambulance Services ( 2003 ) on the equal footing, including Emergency Ambulance Service ( EAS ) and Non-Emergency Ambulance Transfer Service ( NEATS ) . ESA is provided for individuals whose conditions require immediate pre-hospital intervention and transportation to a infirmary for prompt medical attending . The NEATS is provided for patients who require conveyance service to / from medical establishment . Besides, all citizens can travel to the local public infirmaries and establishments and acquire the medical service on the equal footing, including Accident A ; Emergency ( A A ; E ) Services, Specialist Clinics, In-patient and Out-patient Services. However, citizens need to pay for those services. The A A ; E Services, Specialist Clinics and the In-patient Services cost $ 100 per clip, and the Out-patient Services cost $ 45 per clip. The A A ; E Services demand to be charged because the Government hopes people will non misapply the services. However, the hapless patients who are non the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance ( CSSA ) receivers may be excluded. Although the CSSA receivers can be remitted the charge, it is unjust for the hapless patients who are non CSSA receivers and have the exigency illnesses, particularly the seniors who rely on their ain salvaging merely. Besides, the Government launched the Elderly Health Care Voucher Pilot Scheme ( HCVS ) ( 2008 ) in the 2008-09 fiscal twelvemonth for three old ages to supply five wellness attention verifiers of $ 50 each to seniors aged 70 or above yearly to partly subsidize their usage of private primary health care ( PHC ) services . Selectivism Principle Under the selectivism rule, because of the medical fee relinquishing mechanism, CSSA receivers and the vulnerable groups are waived from payment of public wellness attention disbursals when they meet certain fiscal and societal standards. Besides, there are three types of people who are non CSSA receivers, besides can relinquish from payment of public wellness attention disbursals, including low-income group, the aged patients with small income or assets and people with chronic unwellnesss. Contributory/Social Insurance Principle Under the contributory/social insurance rule, in the Consultation Document on Healthcare Reform ( 2008 ) , the Government suggests six different proposals to supply auxiliary funding for health care, including societal wellness insurance, out-of-pocket payments ( user fees ) , medical nest eggs histories, voluntary private wellness insurance, compulsory private wellness insurance and personal health care modesty. Although there is no mainstream consensus has yet been reached in the community on the debut of auxiliary funding and the option to be adopted, the Government can analyse the pros and cons of the six different proposals, particularly the societal values they represent, including the equity of entree to healthcare, pooling and sharing of health care hazard, re-distribution of wealth and fiscal stableness and sustainability in order to protect all citizens wellbeing. Conditionality Principle Under the conditionality rule, there is the Samaritan Fund managed by the Hospital Authority in order to supply fiscal aid to destitute patients who requires designated Privately Purchase Medical Items or new engineerings in the class of medical intervention which are non covered in hospital care or out-patient audience fees in public infirmaries and clinics. Decision The study of Strategic Service Plan 2009-2012 from the Hospital Authority ( 2009 ) named Helping Peoples Stay Healthy . It shows that the entire population of Hong Kong will increase from 7 million to around 7.5 million in 2016. Presently at around 870,000 and stand foring 12.6 % of the population, people aged 65 and above will increase by 30 % to 1.13 million in 2016. Besides, people are populating longer than of all time. Our life anticipations will farther increase to 86.3 and 80.6 old ages severally in 2016. Therefore, it is recognized that people require more healthcare services in old age. For illustration, the Government will better community attention for aged and inveterate sick patients and empower patients on self-care. I hope that the Government can go on supplying the cosmopolitan medical services and the just system that payments are pegged with affordability and all occupants have equal chances to medical services. Besides, the Government should guarantee patients ri ght of pick in public and private medical services. Besides, the occupants wellbeing should be alerted when get downing the Healthcare Reform in the hereafter. Social wellness insurance is to guarantee that every occupant can obtain appropriate medical services as its coverage is cosmopolitan and the medical outgo is paid by parts from all, including the healthy and the sick, the wealthy and the hapless in order to portion wellness hazards. Question 4: The Concept of Welfare Mix Powell ( 2007 ) stated the assorted economic system of public assistance ( MEW ) or welfare pluralism ( WP ) is a critical, but comparatively, portion of societal policy. In the descriptive sense, Beresford and Croft ( 1983 ) pointed out that there are four constituents of MEW. The normative sense suggested a alteration to the mix such as rolling back the province . Besides, Rose and Shiratori ( 1986 ) argued that total public assistance is the amount of province, market, voluntary and informal beginnings. Furthermore, Mishra ( 1990, pp. 110-114 ) claimed that a focal point on total public assistance is non merely the sum of parts . The constituents can non merely be regarded as functionally equivalents ( p. 110 ) . Powell pointed out the normative usage of MEW showed that different public assistance political orientations favour different public assistance mixes. The political left affected the function of the province becomes larger in public assistance as merely the province can guarantee that public assistance benefits and services are reasonably distributed to all citizens. If there were a big function for the commercial, voluntary and informal sectors, inequality would be appeared. In a descriptive sense, harmonizing to Lewis ( 1995, p. 3 ) , it is more accurate to see Britain as ever holding had a assorted economic system of public assistance, in which the volunteer sector, the household and the market have played different parts at different times. On the other manus, Richard Titmuss developed the societal division of public assistance in a talk in 1956. After that, Titmuss ( 1958 ) pointed out that public assistance was delivered by financial and occupational mechanisms in add-on to the more familiar social services . First, statutory public assistance refers to publically provided goods and services. Second, occupational public assistance is related to people s businesss and besides termed fringe benefits or corporate public assistance. Third, financial public assistance refers to costs or benefits delivered through the revenue enhancement system. Using the Concept of Welfare Mix in the Retirement Protection in Hong Kong In the State Welfare, The Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Authority ( MPFA ) ( 2006 ) pointed out that Hong Kong has a quickly ageing population. In 2004, the proportion of the population over the age of 65 was about 12 % , but by 2033 this is projected to lift to 27 % . The figure of working age grownups for each individual over 65 will drop from around six now to shut to two by 2033. This means the working population will hold a larger figure of retired persons to back up in the hereafter. Get downing from the 1960s, the argument for a suited retirement protection system in Hong Kong has gone on. Three different systems, including in private managed provident financess, a cardinal provident fund and a pay-as-you-go type of benefit system were proposed. In 1994, the World Bank published the study Averting the Old-Age Crisis: Policies to Protect the Old and Promote Growth , in which a three-pillar attack to protection for the elderly was put frontward. The three pillars included a publically managed, tax-financed societal safety cyberspace ; a mandatary, in private managed, to the full funded part strategy and voluntary personal nest eggs and insurance. The MPF System in Hong Kong was designed to organize the 2nd pillar of this attack for retirement protection. The Compulsory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance ( MPFSO ) was enacted in 1995 and the MPF System was launched in December 2000. For both employees and employers will besides be required to lend 5 % of the employe es relevant income to the MPF strategy. The MPF strategy was designed by the Government ( State Welfare ) who has the high ordinance that the MPFA applies a figure of enforcement steps against non-compliant employers who are found to hold evaded payment of MPF parts, deducted employer parts from an employee s wage or non inscribe their employees in any MPF strategies. At the same clip, different Bankss or insurance companies ( Market Welfare ) take the function of proviso that helps the employees to make up ones mind on their ain investing portfolios. However, there are some restrictions of the MPF strategy. First, the domestic employees, freelance peddlers, homemakers and other people who are non in the labour market can non fall in the MPF strategy in order to acquire the retirement protection. Second, there is the direct proportion between the retirement protection and the income from the employees, so the redistribution of public assistance can non be appeared and the low-income people s retirement protection will be damaged. Third, the employers can countervail rupture payment ( SP ) and long service payment ( LSP ) as required under the Employment Ordinance ( EO ) by the accumulated benefits derived from parts you have made to the employee in the MPF strategy, so the employees who are in occupation insecurity can non acquire the adequate retirement protection. Because of the restrictions of the MPF strategy, citizens need to protect personal support of retirement through other methods. For illustration, people can acquire the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance ( CSSA ) provided by the Social Welfare Department ( SWD ) under the State Welfare, merchandises of retirement planning provided by Bankss or insurance companies under the Market Welfare, the exigency alleviation fund, chronic unwellnesss relief fund or nutrient bank operated by the non-governmental organisations ( NGOs ) under the voluntary public assistance and household support or personal economy under the informal public assistance. Decision and Suggestion Under the Policy Address in 1997, A Sense of Security, A Sense of Belonging and A Feeling of Worthiness for the Elderly is the chief policy of aged attention. However, it seems that the MPF strategy and other retirement protections can non wholly make the policy of A Sense of Security . The Joint Alliance for Universal Retirement Protection ( 2004 ) is an confederation that aims to contend for the cosmopolitan retirement protection. I agree with the rules of the confederation in which every aged should hold the human rights ( e.g. the right to life, lodging right and medical right ) and be prevented poorness. At the same clip, the current protection of all societal category of the aged provided by the Government will non be damaged even get downing the new retirement protection. I hope that there will hold the cosmopolitan retirement protection in the hereafter in order to protect all citizens wellbeing when confronting the ripening of population in Hong Kong. Mentions: Senior Citizen Home Safety Association. ( 2009, 2009 ) . About The PE Link Service. Retrieved 2009-12-12, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.schsa.org.hk/eng/service/pel.html Hospital Authority. ( 2008, 2008-9 ) . Waiving Mechanism of Public Hospitals ( Information Leaflet ) . Retrieved 2009-12-12, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ha.org.hk/visitor/ha_visitor_index.asp? Parent_ID=349 A ; Content_ID=122630 A ; Dimension=100 A ; Lang=ENG Hospital Authority. ( 2009, 2009 ) . Strategic Service Plan 2009-2012. Retrieved 2009-12-12, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ha.org.hk/visitor/ha_visitor_index.asp? Parent_ID=100 A ; Content_ID=138773 A ; Dimension=100 A ; Lang=ENG Compulsory Provident Fund Schemes Authority. ( 2006, 2006 ) . About the MPF System: Background. Retrieved 2009-12-12, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.mpfa.org.hk/english/abt_mpfs/abt_mpfs_bgd/abt_mpfs_bgd.html Beresford, P. , A ; Croft, S. ( 1983 ) . Welfare pluralism: the new face of Fabianism. Critical Social Policy, 3 ( 9 ) , 19. Food and Health Bureau. ( 2008, 2008-3 ) . Consultation Document on Healthcare Reform. Retrieved 2009-12-12, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.fhb.gov.hk/beStrong/files/consultation/exsummary_eng.pdf Fire Services Department. ( 2003, 2009-10-15 ) . Ambulance Services in Hong Kong. Retrieved 2009-12-12, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hkfsd.gov.hk/home/eng/source/safety/Ambulance_Services_in_HK.pdf Dwyer, P. ( 2004 ) . Understanding societal citizenship: subjects and positions for policy and pattern: Policy Press. Lewis, J. ( 1995 ) . The voluntary sector, the province and societal work in Britain: Elgar. Mishra, R. ( 1990 ) . The public assistance province in capitalist society: policies of retrenchment and care in Europe, North America and Australia: Harvester Wheatsheaf. Powell, M. ( 2007 ) . Understanding the assorted economic system of public assistance: Policy Pr. Joint Alliance for Universal Retirement Protection. ( 2004, 2009 ) . Introduction of the Alliance. Retrieved 2009-12-12, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.pensionforall.org.hk/html/intro.php Rose, R. , Shiratori, R. , Allardt, E. , A ; Sogo, K. ( 1986 ) . The public assistance province E and West: Oxford University Press. Titmuss, R. ( 1958 ) . Essays onthe Welfare State Printed Resource. London: Allen A ; Unwin, 1958. Health Care Voucher. ( 2008, 2009-11-27 ) . Health Care Voucher. Retrieved 2009-12-12, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hcv.gov.hk/eng/pub_background.htm

Are There Black People With Freckles

Are There Black People With Freckles SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips When you think about freckles, what do you think of? Fair-skinned children whose mothers slather sunblock on them? Bright, shocking red hair? Maybe even Pippi Longstocking? As a beauty feature, freckles are commonly associated with fair-skinned people, leading to the question: â€Å"Can black people have freckles?† The answer is yes- there are many black people with freckles, as well as people with other skin tones who have freckles, too. In this article, I’ll break down what causes freckles and who has them. I’ll also provide images of black people with freckles to demonstrate the different skin tones that have freckles. Can Black People Have Freckles? 3 Examples of Freckles on a Black Person Check out these three images to see examples of how freckles look on a black person. What Are Freckles? Freckles, also known as ephelides, are clusters of melanized skin. Freckles have melanocytes (melanin-producing cells) that overproduce melanin granules which change the color of outer skin cells. What does that mean? Basically, freckles are bunched-up clusters of melanin-producing cells. When UV rays hit these bunched-up clusters of cells, they’ll darken in color, changing the pigment of small parts of your skin. Freckles are triggered by sunlight, meaning that they develop as you grow and expose your skin to the sun. Because freckles appear after exposure to sun, many people associate them with sun damage. However, freckles are actually not related to sun damage at all. Freckles can, though, disguise lentigo, or sun spots, which can be a sign of cancer. Regardless of your skin tone and the presence of freckles, you should always protect your skin with a broad spectrum UVA/UVB sunscreen that’s SPF 30 or higher. Not just anyone can have freckles. In order to have freckles, you must have a variation of the MC1R gene. People of all heritages and skin tones can have this genetic mutation. Why Are Freckles More Commonly Associated With Fair Skin? If there are black people with freckles, why are freckles so predominantly associated with people with fair skin? Why aren't there many examples of black people with freckles? The answer lies in genetics. The variation of the MC1R gene that causes freckles is passed down genetically. People of Celtic heritage, who typically have very fair hair and skin, are more likely to have this genetic mutation than other groups. However, people of African, Mediterranean, Asian, and Hispanic descent can also have freckles. The genetic mutation simply isn’t as common in these groups as it is in groups of Celtic descent, so you don't see as many Asian or black people with freckles. Can Freckles Disappear? Just as freckles appear in the light, they can fade in the lack of sun exposure. Many people whose freckles appear during the summer often watch those same freckles fade over the winter. On the other hand, there are plenty of people whose freckles stay year-round after they first appear. Every person’s freckles are slightly different. 4 Tips for Taking Care of Skin with Freckles While freckles aren’t associated with skin damage, they can make you more prone to getting other, malignant types of skin conditions. Follow these four tips to take care of your skin if you have freckles. #1: Always Wear Sunscreen Both fair skinned and black people with freckles (and really everyone) should always wear sunscreen. Look for a broad spectrum UVA/UVB sunscreen that’s SPF 30 or higher. If you’re trying to limit the appearance of freckles, sunscreen will help guard your skin from the UV rays that cause freckles to appear. Sunscreen will also help prevent dangerous skin damage. #2: Visit a Dermatologist If you freckle easily, your skin will also be more prone to skin cancer and sun damage. You should visit a dermatologist at least once a year to receive a skin cancer screening. Some types of skin cancer look like freckles, so it’s important to visit a doctor who can help you tell the difference. #3: Perform Monthly Self-Examinations Just like women should perform monthly breast self exams, people with freckles should perform monthly skin exams. You don’t have to do anything fancy for a skin exam- simply make note of the freckles, moles, and other skin markings you have. The more aware you are of your body, the more likely you are to notice when something has appeared or changed. #4: Exfoliate Exfoliating helps remove dead skin cells and allows for healthy skin turnover. Exfoliating will help remove dead, dull-looking skin and help your other skin care products, like sunscreen and moisturizers, work better. Recap: Can Black People Have Freckles? Freckles are caused by a variation on the MC1R gene- and anyone, with any skin color or heritage, can have them. Freckles are clusters of melanin-producing cells that appear when exposed to UV rays. If you have freckles, it’s important to take good care of your skin by using sunscreen to prevent from sun damage.

Gasoline prices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Gasoline prices - Essay Example Many insist that drilling is a possible fix to high gasoline prices. The fact is, this will never actually be true. Oil, and thus gasoline, is a finite resource, and on one seriously argues otherwise: there is a time that we will run out, and some theorists insist that the world has already reached peak oil (Carlson). Yet demand continues to increase because of a larger and larger world population that requires more and more oil to function, especially as markets such as China and India develop and more people in those places begin driving cars. Thus, if one examines the rules of supply and demand, an increasing demand and a finite supply will always eventually lead to price increases – a temporary increase in supply may alleviate prices to a small degree, but even this may be minimal because speculators will always be able to buy high and sell higher, as the world supply is still known to be finite. The only way to actually reduce gasoline prices is to reduce dependency †“ reduce demand, because supply is something that is impossible to control. This can be done through electric cars, alternative fuels, and conservation, eventually building towards a society that does not rely on oil at all, because we know it will eventually run out. The myth that a temporary increase in supply is good for gasoline prices simply does not hold true. Quick fixes like this will never work – in order to really address this problem, we need to fundamentally change the way we consume oil. Carlson, Robert. "World Oil Production via Hubbert Linearization of Production and Normalizations of ProductionWorld Oil Production via Hubbert Linearization of Production and Normalizations of Production."  Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and